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Contact Laws - Revision history
2026-05-22T04:07:05Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
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http://osupdocs.forestry.oregonstate.edu/index.php?title=Contact_Laws&diff=26187&oldid=prev
Nairnj at 18:28, 29 March 2026
2026-03-29T18:28:45Z
<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 18:28, 29 March 2026</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><math>S_{resultant} = \min(S_{slide},S_{stick})</math></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><math>S_{resultant} = \min(S_{slide},S_{stick})</math></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>where S<sub>stick</sub> is the shear traction needed for tangential motion of the two surface to move together (''i.e.'', to stick). In other words, if the shear traction calculated for frictional sliding is greater than the traction required for surfaces to stick together, then the surface will stick. Once that sticking shear traction exceeds S<sub>slide</sub>, the surfaces will slide with the given sliding traction. More details on friction in MPM can be found in Nairn ''et. al'' (2016).<ref<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">>J.A. Nairn, S. G. Bardenhagen, and G. D. Smith (2017) </del>"<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Generalized Contact and Improved Friction Heating the Material Point Method,</del>" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Computational Particle Mechanics, in press [http:</del>/<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">/www.cof.orst.edu/cof/wse/faculty/Nairn/papers/MPMContactLawsSV.pdf (author preprint)].</ref</del>></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>where S<sub>stick</sub> is the shear traction needed for tangential motion of the two surface to move together (''i.e.'', to stick). In other words, if the shear traction calculated for frictional sliding is greater than the traction required for surfaces to stick together, then the surface will stick. Once that sticking shear traction exceeds S<sub>slide</sub>, the surfaces will slide with the given sliding traction. More details on friction in MPM can be found in Nairn ''et. al'' (2016).<ref <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">name=</ins>"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">gencontact</ins>"/></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The available frictional contact laws are listed in the following table. See each law to learn about the function used to determine S<sub>slide</sub> and about the parameters required to use that law.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The available frictional contact laws are listed in the following table. See each law to learn about the function used to determine S<sub>slide</sub> and about the parameters required to use that law.</div></td></tr>
</table>
Nairnj
http://osupdocs.forestry.oregonstate.edu/index.php?title=Contact_Laws&diff=26186&oldid=prev
Nairnj: /* References */
2026-03-29T18:28:24Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">References</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 18:28, 29 March 2026</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><ref name="gencontact">J. A. Nairn, S. G. Bardenhagen, and G. S. Smith, "Generalized contact and improved frictional heating in the material point method.=," ''Computational Particle Mechanics'', '''5''', 285–296 (2018) ([https://www.cof.orst.edu/cof/wse/faculty/Nairn/papers/MPMContactLawsSV.pdf See PDF])</ref></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ref name="Nairn04">J. A. Nairn, "Numerical implementation of imperfect interfaces," ''Computational Materials Science'', '''40''', 525–536 (2007). ([https://www.cof.orst.edu/cof/wse/faculty/Nairn/papers/Interface.pdf See PDF])</ref></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ref name="Nairn04">J. A. Nairn, "Numerical implementation of imperfect interfaces," ''Computational Materials Science'', '''40''', 525–536 (2007). ([https://www.cof.orst.edu/cof/wse/faculty/Nairn/papers/Interface.pdf See PDF])</ref></div></td></tr>
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Nairnj
http://osupdocs.forestry.oregonstate.edu/index.php?title=Contact_Laws&diff=26185&oldid=prev
Nairnj at 18:26, 29 March 2026
2026-03-29T18:26:15Z
<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 18:26, 29 March 2026</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l45">Line 45:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><math>T_t = f_s([u_n],[u_t])</math></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><math>T_t = f_s([u_n],[u_t])</math></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The various imperfect interface laws differ by their options for the traction functions (f<sub>n</sub> and f<sub>s</sub>). More details on imperfect interfaces in MPM can be found in Nairn (2007)<ref name="Nairn04"<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">>J. A. Nairn, "Numerical implementation of imperfect interfaces," ''Computational Materials Science'', '''40''', 525–536 (2007).<</del>/<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ref</del>> and (2013).<ref name="Nair13"<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">></del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The various imperfect interface laws differ by their options for the traction functions (f<sub>n</sub> and f<sub>s</sub>). More details on imperfect interfaces in MPM can be found in Nairn (2007)<ref name="Nairn04"/> and (2013).<ref name="Nair13"/></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">J.A. Nairn, "Modeling Imperfect Interfaces in the Material Point Method using Multimaterial Methods," ''Computer Modeling in Eng. &amp; Sci.'', '''92''', 271-299 (2013).<</del>/<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ref</del>></div></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Note that imperfect interface modeling uses extrapolated displacements to best find [[Detecting Contact#Imperfect Interface Extrapolations|tangential discontinuity]]. This approach means the interfaces should be in contact or have zero discontinuity at the start of the simulation. This condition is typical when modeling interfaces.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Note that imperfect interface modeling uses extrapolated displacements to best find [[Detecting Contact#Imperfect Interface Extrapolations|tangential discontinuity]]. This approach means the interfaces should be in contact or have zero discontinuity at the start of the simulation. This condition is typical when modeling interfaces.</div></td></tr>
</table>
Nairnj
http://osupdocs.forestry.oregonstate.edu/index.php?title=Contact_Laws&diff=26184&oldid=prev
Nairnj: /* References */
2026-03-29T18:24:05Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">References</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 18:24, 29 March 2026</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== References ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== References ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references/></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><ref name="Nairn04">J. A. Nairn, "Numerical implementation of imperfect interfaces," ''Computational Materials Science'', '''40''', 525–536 (2007). ([https://www.cof.orst.edu/cof/wse/faculty/Nairn/papers/Interface.pdf See PDF])</ref></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><ref name="Nair13">J.A. Nairn, "Modeling Imperfect Interfaces in the Material Point Method using Multimaterial Methods," ''Computer Modeling in Eng. &amp; Sci.'', '''92''', 271-299 (2013). ([https://www.cof.orst.edu/cof/wse/faculty/Nairn/papers/MMInterfaces.pdf See PDF])</ref></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><</ins>/<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">references</ins>></div></td></tr>
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Nairnj
http://osupdocs.forestry.oregonstate.edu/index.php?title=Contact_Laws&diff=26086&oldid=prev
Nairnj: /* Imperfect Interface Contact Laws */
2026-03-28T00:24:27Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Imperfect Interface Contact Laws</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 00:24, 28 March 2026</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l50">Line 50:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Note that imperfect interface modeling uses extrapolated displacements to best find [[Detecting Contact#Imperfect Interface Extrapolations|tangential discontinuity]]. This approach means the interfaces should be in contact or have zero discontinuity at the start of the simulation. This condition is typical when modeling interfaces.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Note that imperfect interface modeling uses extrapolated displacements to best find [[Detecting Contact#Imperfect Interface Extrapolations|tangential discontinuity]]. This approach means the interfaces should be in contact or have zero discontinuity at the start of the simulation. This condition is typical when modeling interfaces.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The available imperfect interface contact laws are listed in the following table. See each law to learn about the functions used to determine the interfacial tractions and about the parameters required to use that law. The [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface|NonlinearInterface]] described below only implements two interface laws<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, implements a linear interface law</del>, but it can be <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">editing </del>(or <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">subclasses</del>) by programmers to [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface#Create Custom Imperfect Interface|to add new interface laws]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The available imperfect interface contact laws are listed in the following table. See each law to learn about the functions used to determine the interfacial tractions and about the parameters required to use that law. The [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface|NonlinearInterface]] described below only implements two interface laws, but it can be <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">edited </ins>(or <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">subclassed</ins>) by programmers to [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface#Create Custom Imperfect Interface|to add new interface laws]].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| class="wikitable"</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| class="wikitable"</div></td></tr>
</table>
Nairnj
http://osupdocs.forestry.oregonstate.edu/index.php?title=Contact_Laws&diff=26085&oldid=prev
Nairnj: /* Imperfect Interface Contact Laws */
2026-03-28T00:23:53Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Imperfect Interface Contact Laws</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 00:23, 28 March 2026</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l50">Line 50:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 50:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Note that imperfect interface modeling uses extrapolated displacements to best find [[Detecting Contact#Imperfect Interface Extrapolations|tangential discontinuity]]. This approach means the interfaces should be in contact or have zero discontinuity at the start of the simulation. This condition is typical when modeling interfaces.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Note that imperfect interface modeling uses extrapolated displacements to best find [[Detecting Contact#Imperfect Interface Extrapolations|tangential discontinuity]]. This approach means the interfaces should be in contact or have zero discontinuity at the start of the simulation. This condition is typical when modeling interfaces.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The available imperfect interface contact laws are listed in the following table. See each law to learn about the functions used to determine the interfacial tractions and about the parameters required to use that law. The [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface|NonlinearInterface]] described below only implements <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">to </del>interface laws, implements a linear interface law, but it can be editing (or subclasses) by programmers to [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface#Create Custom Imperfect Interface|to add new interface laws]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The available imperfect interface contact laws are listed in the following table. See each law to learn about the functions used to determine the interfacial tractions and about the parameters required to use that law. The [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface|NonlinearInterface]] described below only implements <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">two </ins>interface laws, implements a linear interface law, but it can be editing (or subclasses) by programmers to [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface#Create Custom Imperfect Interface|to add new interface laws]].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| class="wikitable"</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| class="wikitable"</div></td></tr>
</table>
Nairnj
http://osupdocs.forestry.oregonstate.edu/index.php?title=Contact_Laws&diff=26084&oldid=prev
Nairnj: /* Imperfect Interface Contact Laws */
2026-03-28T00:23:25Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Imperfect Interface Contact Laws</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 00:23, 28 March 2026</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l48">Line 48:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 48:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>J.A. Nairn, "Modeling Imperfect Interfaces in the Material Point Method using Multimaterial Methods," ''Computer Modeling in Eng. &amp; Sci.'', '''92''', 271-299 (2013).</ref></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>J.A. Nairn, "Modeling Imperfect Interfaces in the Material Point Method using Multimaterial Methods," ''Computer Modeling in Eng. &amp; Sci.'', '''92''', 271-299 (2013).</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Note that <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">whenever using </del>imperfect interface modeling <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">in multimaterial mode, you must use the </del>displacements <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">method whenever the interface law has non-zero tangential traction. In other words, the simulation must omit the </del>[[Detecting Contact#Imperfect Interface Extrapolations|<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><tt>ContactPosition</tt> command</del>]] <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(this change </del>is <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">not needed </del>when modeling <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">imperfect interface using cracks)</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Note that imperfect interface modeling <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">uses extrapolated </ins>displacements <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">to best find </ins>[[Detecting Contact#Imperfect Interface Extrapolations|<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">tangential discontinuity</ins>]]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. This approach means the interfaces should be in contact or have zero discontinuity at the start of the simulation. This condition </ins>is <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">typical </ins>when modeling <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">interfaces</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The available imperfect interface contact laws are listed in the following table. See each law to learn about the functions used to determine the interfacial tractions and about the parameters required to use that law. The [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface|NonlinearInterface]] described below only implements to interface laws, implements a linear interface law, but it can be editing (or subclasses) by programmers to [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface#Create Custom Imperfect Interface|to add new interface laws]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The available imperfect interface contact laws are listed in the following table. See each law to learn about the functions used to determine the interfacial tractions and about the parameters required to use that law. The [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface|NonlinearInterface]] described below only implements to interface laws, implements a linear interface law, but it can be editing (or subclasses) by programmers to [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface#Create Custom Imperfect Interface|to add new interface laws]].</div></td></tr>
</table>
Nairnj
http://osupdocs.forestry.oregonstate.edu/index.php?title=Contact_Laws&diff=26083&oldid=prev
Nairnj: /* Imperfect Interface Contact Laws */
2026-03-28T00:20:22Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Imperfect Interface Contact Laws</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 00:20, 28 March 2026</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l37">Line 37:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 37:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Imperfect Interface Contact Laws ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Imperfect Interface Contact Laws ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Imperfect Interfaces|Imperfect interfaces]] can be modeled two ways — by using contact laws on [[MPM Input Files#Using Explicit Cracks|explicit cracks]] or by using them in [[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">MPM Input Files#</del>Multimaterial MPM|multimaterial mode MPM]]. When contacting surfaces are modeling an imperfect interface, the normal and tangential tractions (T<sub>n</sub> and T<sub>t</sub>) are set to be functions of the normal and tangential displacement discontinuities ([u<sub>n</sub>] and [u<sub>t</sub>]). In other words:</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Imperfect Interfaces|Imperfect interfaces]] can be modeled two ways — by using contact laws on [[MPM Input Files#Using Explicit Cracks|explicit cracks]] or by using them in [[Multimaterial MPM|multimaterial mode MPM]]. When contacting surfaces are modeling an imperfect interface, the normal and tangential tractions (T<sub>n</sub> and T<sub>t</sub>) are set to be functions of the normal and tangential displacement discontinuities ([u<sub>n</sub>] and [u<sub>t</sub>]). In other words:</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div></td></tr>
</table>
Nairnj
http://osupdocs.forestry.oregonstate.edu/index.php?title=Contact_Laws&diff=26060&oldid=prev
Nairnj: /* Imperfect Interface Contact Laws */
2026-03-25T23:03:16Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Imperfect Interface Contact Laws</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 23:03, 25 March 2026</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l50">Line 50:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 50:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Note that whenever using imperfect interface modeling in multimaterial mode, you must use the displacements method whenever the interface law has non-zero tangential traction. In other words, the simulation must omit the [[Detecting Contact#Imperfect Interface Extrapolations|<tt>ContactPosition</tt> command]] (this change is not needed when modeling imperfect interface using cracks).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Note that whenever using imperfect interface modeling in multimaterial mode, you must use the displacements method whenever the interface law has non-zero tangential traction. In other words, the simulation must omit the [[Detecting Contact#Imperfect Interface Extrapolations|<tt>ContactPosition</tt> command]] (this change is not needed when modeling imperfect interface using cracks).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The available imperfect interface contact laws are listed in the following table. See each law to learn about the functions used to determine the interfacial tractions and about the parameters required to use that law. The [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface|NonlinearInterface]] described below only implements to interface laws, implements a linear interface law, but it can be editing (or subclasses) by programmers to [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface#Create Custom Imperfect Interface<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </del>to add new interface laws.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The available imperfect interface contact laws are listed in the following table. See each law to learn about the functions used to determine the interfacial tractions and about the parameters required to use that law. The [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface|NonlinearInterface]] described below only implements to interface laws, implements a linear interface law, but it can be editing (or subclasses) by programmers to [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface#Create Custom Imperfect Interface<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|</ins>to add new interface laws<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| class="wikitable"</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| class="wikitable"</div></td></tr>
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Nairnj
http://osupdocs.forestry.oregonstate.edu/index.php?title=Contact_Laws&diff=26059&oldid=prev
Nairnj: /* Imperfect Interface Contact Laws */
2026-03-25T23:02:46Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Imperfect Interface Contact Laws</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 23:02, 25 March 2026</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Note that whenever using imperfect interface modeling in multimaterial mode, you must use the displacements method whenever the interface law has non-zero tangential traction. In other words, the simulation must omit the [[Detecting Contact#Imperfect Interface Extrapolations|<tt>ContactPosition</tt> command]] (this change is not needed when modeling imperfect interface using cracks).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Note that whenever using imperfect interface modeling in multimaterial mode, you must use the displacements method whenever the interface law has non-zero tangential traction. In other words, the simulation must omit the [[Detecting Contact#Imperfect Interface Extrapolations|<tt>ContactPosition</tt> command]] (this change is not needed when modeling imperfect interface using cracks).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The available imperfect interface contact laws are listed in the following table. See each law to learn about the functions used to determine the interfacial tractions and about the parameters required to use that law. The [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface|NonlinearInterface]] described below <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">actually </del>implements a linear interface law, but it can be subclasses by programmers to [[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Creating a </del>Custom Imperfect Interface <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Law|create a custom imperfect interface material</del>]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The available imperfect interface contact laws are listed in the following table. See each law to learn about the functions used to determine the interfacial tractions and about the parameters required to use that law. The [[Nonlinear Imperfect Interface|NonlinearInterface]] described below <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">only implements to interface laws, </ins>implements a linear interface law, but it can be <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">editing (or </ins>subclasses<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">) </ins>by programmers to [[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Nonlinear Imperfect Interface#Create </ins>Custom Imperfect Interface]] <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">to add new interface laws</ins>.</div></td></tr>
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Nairnj