Grid BC Shape Commands

These commands define shapes. All nodes contained within the shape will be assigned boundary conditions for velocity, temperature and/or concentration that are specified within the shape command.

Line (2D or Axisymmetric)

The command to select a line through a 2D mesh in scripted files is:

MoveLine (x1),(y1),(x2),(y2),<(tolerance)>
  (one or more velocity, temperature, or concentration condition)
    ...
EndMoveLine

In XML files, a line is selected with:

<BCLine units='(units)' x1='(x1)' y1='(y1)' x2='(x2)' y2='(y2)' tolerance='(tolerance)'>
  (one or more velocity, temperature, or concentration condition)
    ...
</BCLine>

where

• (x1, y1) to (x2, y2) define (x, y) coordinates for the points at the beginning and end of the line (or (R, Z) coordinates if axisymmetric). The units are mm (or determined by a units attribute in XML files). In XML files, the coordinates can alternatively be specified relative to the mesh edges.
• (tolerance) is an optional tolerance. The units are mm (or determined by a units attribute in XML files). In XML files, you can optionally use the format '*0.5' to set the tolerance to any factor times the minimum cell dimension in the current mesh. If it is omitted, the tolerance will be set to a small number appropriate for the current background grid cell dimensions.

This command will apply velocity, temperature, and/or concentration boundary conditions to all nodes within (tolerance) of the line from (x1, y1) to (x2, y2).

Arc (2D or Axisymmetric)

The command to select an arc through a 2D mesh in scripted files is:

MoveArc (x1),(y1),(x2),(y2),(startAng),(endAng),<(tolerance)>
  (one or more velocity, temperature, or concentration condition)
    ...
EndMoveLine

In XML files, a line is selected with:

<BCArc units='(units)' x1='(x1)' y1='(y1)' x2='(x2)' y2='(y2)'
       start='(startAng)' end='(endAng)' tolerance='(tolerance)'>
  (one or more velocity, temperature, or concentration condition)
    ...
</BCLine>

where

• (x1, y1) to (x2, y2) define (x, y) coordinates for the corners of a rectangular area enclosing the arc (or (R, Z) coordinates if axisymmetric). The units are mm (or determined by a units attribute in XML files). In XML files, the coordinates can alternatively be specified relative to the mesh edges.
• (startAng) and (endAng) give the start and end angle (in degrees) to specify the arc.
• (tolerance) is an optional tolerance. The units are mm (or determined by a units attribute in XML files). In XML files, you can optionally use the format '*0.5' to set the tolerance to any factor times the minimum cell dimension in the current mesh. If it is omitted, the tolerance will be set to a small number appropriate for the current background grid cell dimensions.

This command will apply velocity, temperature, and/or concentration boundary conditions to all nodes within (tolerance) of the arc. The arc is traced in a counter-clockwise direction from (startAng) to (endAng) with angle = 0 corresponding to the position along the positive x axis.

Rectangle (2D or Axisymmetric)

The command to select a rectangle, which is only available in XML files, is

<LdRect xmin='(xmin)' xmax='(xmax)' ymin='(ymin)' ymax='(ymax)' units='mm'>
  (one or more velocity, temperature, or concentration condition)
    ...
</LdRect>

• (xmin), (xmax), (ymin), and (xmax)define the x and y ranges for the rectangular area (or R and Z ranges if axisymmetric). The units are mm or determined by an optional units attribute . The coordinates can alternatively be specified relative to the mesh edges.

This command will apply velocity, temperature, and/or concentration boundary conditions to all nodes within the rectangle. Although this command is not available in scripted files, it be be reproduced in scripted files using a line command:

MoveLine xmin,(ymin+ymax)/2,xmax,(ymin+ymax)/2,(ymax-ymin)/2
  (one or more velocity, temperature, or concentration condition)
    ...
EndMoveLine

Box or Cylinder (3D)

The command to select a 3D box or cylinder in scripted files is:

MoveBox (x1),(y1),(z1),(x2),(y2),(z2),<(axis)>
  (one or more velocity, temperature, or concentration condition)
    ...
EndMoveBox

In XML files, a box or cylinder is selected with:

<BCBox units='(units)' xmin='(x1)' xmax='(x2)' ymin='(y1)' ymax='(y2)'
                       zmin='(z1)' zmax='(z2)' axis='(axis)'>
  (one or more velocity, temperature, or concentration condition)
    ...
</BCBox>

where

• (x1, y1, z1) and (x2, y2, z2) define (x, y, z) coordinates for opposite corners of the box. The units are mm (or determined by a units attribute in XML files). In XML files, the coordinates can alternatively be specified relative to the mesh edges.
• (axis) is an optional parameter that will convert the shape from a box to the cylinder enclosed within the box with its axis along the specified direction (entered as x, 1, y, 2, z, or 3).

This command will apply velocity, temperature, and/or concentration boundary conditions to all nodes within the specified box or cylinder.

Relative Grid Locations

Rather than hard code positions for boundary conditions or shapes that define material points, any coordinate specified in XML files (e.g., an entry for (x1), (x2), (xmin), (xmax), etc.) can be the text 'min', 'max', 'min-3', 'min+1.2', 'max-3.8', 'max+2', etc., meaning the minimum, the maximum, or a specified number of cells relative to the minimum or maximum of the current mesh. For GIMP calculations 'min' and 'max' will be limits of useable mesh while 'min-1' and 'max+1' will be limits to the total mesh. For backward compatibility, min+, min-, max+, and max- refer to plus or minus one cell from the minimum or maximum of the current mesh.

Layers of Boundary Conditions

Grid boundary conditions are typcially placed one a layer of nodes that is outside the body defined by the material points and that layer defines the boundary. When using GIMP methods, however, a particle near the boundary will interact with that boundary layer, but may also interact with nodes beyond a single row of boundary conditions. To prevent non-physical results from the extra nodes that are physcially outside the body, it may be necessary to set up two rows (or columns) of boundary conditions. For example, to have a rigid wall, set the velocity of two rows (or columns) or nodes to be zero. An alternative solution is to fill a boundary area with rigid particles. Rigid particle automatically create the required boundary conditions on two rows (or columns) of nodes.

Sometimes even two rows of boundary conditions will lead to artifacts in particles near the edges. These artifacts can be reduced by using [[MPM Grid Generation#Symmetry Planes|symmetry planes] or rigid particles with the mirrored property.